In general, anyone with a deep understanding of computers, including programmers and cybersecurity specialists, may be referred to as a hacker. However, in common parlance, a hacker is someone who attempts to take advantage of a computer system's or network's weaknesses. These individuals are also known as security hackers. The meaning of the term "hacker" is still up for discussion. No implication of negativity existed in the original meaning. It was more concerned with using technology to experiment in order to solve issues or accomplish objectives. Today, however, the definition that is most widely used refers to the illegal operations carried out by security hackers. Thus, we could characterize hackers as those who use their technical expertise to go beyond cybersecurity barriers and get unauthorized access to digital data and computing systems. Hackers occasionally utilize their abilities to stop or damage a particular application. According to their methods and goals, security hackers are typically categorized as either white hat, black hat, or grey hat. How does a hacker operate? As previously established, the term "hacker" initially referred to someone who looked for creative methods to push computers over their predetermined boundaries. Today, however, the phrase is frequently used to describe someone who tries to compromise the security of a network or system. from those who merely guess account passwords to those who use sophisticated techniques to modify computer hardware. Depending on the hacker's motivation, the impacts could be either favorable or unfavorable. Similar to how good or bad characters were formerly distinguished in Western cowboy flicks, hackers are now portrayed as wearing various colored "hats" (or "caps"). White hat hackers, also referred to as ethical hackers, work to strengthen security by identifying weaknesses so that they can be fixed. Some white hats are hired as full-time employees and work with their target's consent. Others pursue bounty schemes and hacking contests, which pay them for each security hole they uncover or each compromised system. The majority of white hat hackers have a degree in computer science or information security from college, and many of them hold ethical hacking certifications. Black hat hackers, sometimes known as "crackers," attack their targets without authorization. They look for weaknesses that they can take advantage of for harm or their own gain. A black hat hacker may have several goals, such as making money, becoming well-known, obtaining company secrets, disseminating false information, or even intercepting conversations from national intelligence agencies. Hackers known as "grey hats" are positioned between the other two categories, as their name implies. They typically employ their talents to gain unauthorized access to systems and networks, but they do so for a variety of reasons. Grey hat hackers occasionally identify flaws and notify the program's or website's proprietors. They could charge you for their assistance in fixing it. Grey hats frequently engage in unlawful or unethical behaviors, even though they are not usually motivated by financial rewards. Because they are driven by political or social objectives, a different group of hackers known as hacktivists is frequently referred to as "grey hat" hackers. A well-known example of a hacktivist group is Anonymous.