A token offering in return for another coin. The initiation of a new cryptocurrency is also known as an ICO.
Accountability
Accountability is the need or willingness to take ownership of one's actions. When someone takes ownership, they are committing to producing successful outcomes.
Bitcoin Halving
A blockchain event known as a "halvening" (or "Bitcoin halving") causes block subsidies or rewards for validating transactions to be reduced by half.
Encryption
Information can be converted into code using encryption, which conceals the true meaning of the data.